{"id":378524,"date":"2024-06-10T09:00:47","date_gmt":"2024-06-10T09:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/?p=378524"},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T21:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/?p=378524","title":{"rendered":"<span>\u041f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><!--[--><!--]--><\/div>\n<div id=\"post-content-body\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-formatted-body article-formatted-body article-formatted-body_version-2\">\n<div xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\">\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440! <\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u044b, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441 GRUB2 \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e. \u0410 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u043e \u0432\u00a0\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 Linux \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u00ab\u0410\u00a0\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e?\u00bb, \u2014 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u044c. \u00a0\u0420\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f. \u0410 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u00ab\u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 GRUB\u00bb &#8212; \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u043e.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"full-width\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/r\/w780q1\/getpro\/habr\/upload_files\/d40\/e63\/425\/d40e63425550414dd0eefd5a0179bb25.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" data-src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/upload_files\/d40\/e63\/425\/d40e63425550414dd0eefd5a0179bb25.jpg\" data-blurred=\"true\"\/><\/figure>\n<h3>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a (bootloader)?<\/h3>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430. \u0415\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0443. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 (\u041e\u0421). <\/p>\n<h3>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432: <\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c UEFI; <\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0441 CONFIG_EFI_STUB, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 3.1;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441: \u00ab\u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e?\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u00ab\u0441\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00bb \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 2-3\u00a0\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b), \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438.<\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0412 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e-\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_bootloaders\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_bootloaders<\/a>. \u041d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e GRUB\/GRUB2 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u041e\u043d \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e c\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u041e\u043d \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u041e\u043d \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00bb \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f RHEL \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432. \u00ab\u041a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439 Enterprise\u00bb \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u043d\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c. <\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043c GRUB\/GRUB2, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u0432 GRUB2 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e, \u0438\u0431\u043e \u00ab\u043d\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb J \u0410\u00a0\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u041e\u0421. <\/p>\n<p>GRUB:<\/p>\n<pre><code>title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 (2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64)         root (hd0,0)         kernel \/vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 ro root=\/dev\/mapper\/vg_rhel6-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 rd_LVM_LV=vg_rhel6\/lv_swap crashkernel=auto  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_LVM_LV=vg_rhel6\/lv_root rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet         initrd \/initramfs-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64.img<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>GRUB2:<\/p>\n<pre><code>menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64-advanced-53a77eb0-927d-45ab-a110-1f00713931db' {         load_video         set gfxpayload=keep         insmod gzio         insmod part_gpt         insmod xfs         set root='hd0,gpt2'         if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then           search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8         else           search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8         fi         linuxefi \/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 root=\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos\/root rd.lvm.lv=centos\/swap rhgb quiet          initrdefi \/initramfs-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64.img }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0436, \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u0438 \ud83d\ude41<\/p>\n<h3>\u0417\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438?<\/h3>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441 Basic Input Output System (BIOS). \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 BIOS \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 Power on Self Test (POST) \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435. \u041c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f BIOS, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441 \u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0430 # 1 (\u0432 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u00abstage\u00bb &#8212; \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c).   <\/p>\n<figure class=\"full-width\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/r\/w1560\/getpro\/habr\/upload_files\/9b8\/26c\/698\/9b826c698cf6a56b151552a01e536b6b.png\" width=\"768\" height=\"600\" data-src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/upload_files\/9b8\/26c\/698\/9b826c698cf6a56b151552a01e536b6b.png\"\/><\/figure>\n<p>\u041d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d Master Boot Record (MBR) \u2014 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. MBR \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e 512\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442. \u0421\u00a0\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 66\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 (Partition Table), \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 446\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 (boot.img). \u0412\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a. \u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f #1 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435. \u0412\u043e\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a.<\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# dd if=\/dev\/sde bs=512 count=1 | hexdump -C  [root@oel78 ~]# cat \/tmp\/header |hexdump -C 00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000200<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e:   <\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# fdisk \/dev\/sde Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).  Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command.  Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x4abaf638.  Command (m for help): p  Disk \/dev\/sde: 27.9 GB, 27917287424 bytes, 54525952 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes I\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x4abaf638     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System  Command (m for help): n Partition type:    p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)    e   extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1  First sector (2048-54525951, default 2048):  Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-54525951, default 54525951): +1G Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set  Command (m for help): p  Disk \/dev\/sde: 27.9 GB, 27917287424 bytes, 54525952 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes I\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x4abaf638     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System \/dev\/sde1            2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux  Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered!  Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e:   <\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# grub2-install \/dev\/sde Installing for i386-pc platform. Installation finished. No error reported.  [root@oel78 ~]# file -s \/dev\/sde \/dev\/sde: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, starthead 0, startsector 2048, 2097152 sectors, extended partition table (last)\\011, code offset 0x63  [root@oel78 ~]# dd if=\/dev\/sde of=\/tmp\/header-mbr |hexdump -C 00000000  eb 63 90 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.c..............| 00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000050  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 80 01 00 00 00  |................| 00000060  00 00 00 00 ff fa 90 90  f6 c2 80 74 05 f6 c2 70  |...........t...p| 00000070  74 02 b2 80 ea 79 7c 00  00 31 c0 8e d8 8e d0 bc  |t....y|..1......| 00000080  00 20 fb a0 64 7c 3c ff  74 02 88 c2 52 be 05 7c  |. ..d|&lt;.t...R..|| 00000090  b4 41 bb aa 55 cd 13 5a  52 72 3d 81 fb 55 aa 75  |.A..U..ZRr=..U.u| 000000a0  37 83 e1 01 74 32 31 c0  89 44 04 40 88 44 ff 89  |7...t21..D.@.D..| 000000b0  44 02 c7 04 10 00 66 8b  1e 5c 7c 66 89 5c 08 66  |D.....f..\\|f.\\.f| 000000c0  8b 1e 60 7c 66 89 5c 0c  c7 44 06 00 70 b4 42 cd  |..`|f.\\..D..p.B.| 000000d0  13 72 05 bb 00 70 eb 76  b4 08 cd 13 73 0d 5a 84  |.r...p.v....s.Z.| 000000e0  d2 0f 83 de 00 be 85 7d  e9 82 00 66 0f b6 c6 88  |.......}...f....| 000000f0  64 ff 40 66 89 44 04 0f  b6 d1 c1 e2 02 88 e8 88  |d.@f.D..........| 00000100  f4 40 89 44 08 0f b6 c2  c0 e8 02 66 89 04 66 a1  |.@.D.......f..f.| 00000110  60 7c 66 09 c0 75 4e 66  a1 5c 7c 66 31 d2 66 f7  |`|f..uNf.\\|f1.f.| 00000120  34 88 d1 31 d2 66 f7 74  04 3b 44 08 7d 37 fe c1  |4..1.f.t.;D.}7..| 00000130  88 c5 30 c0 c1 e8 02 08  c1 88 d0 5a 88 c6 bb 00  |..0........Z....| 00000140  70 8e c3 31 db b8 01 02  cd 13 72 1e 8c c3 60 1e  |p..1......r...`.| 00000150  b9 00 01 8e db 31 f6 bf  00 80 8e c6 fc f3 a5 1f  |.....1..........| 00000160  61 ff 26 5a 7c be 80 7d  eb 03 be 8f 7d e8 34 00  |a.&amp;Z|..}....}.4.| 00000170  be 94 7d e8 2e 00 cd 18  eb fe 47 52 55 42 20 00  |..}.......GRUB .| 00000180  47 65 6f 6d 00 48 61 72  64 20 44 69 73 6b 00 52  |Geom.Hard Disk.R| 00000190  65 61 64 00 20 45 72 72  6f 72 0d 0a 00 bb 01 00  |ead. Error......| 000001a0  b4 0e cd 10 ac 3c 00 75  f4 c3 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.....&lt;.u........| 000001b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  38 f6 ba 4a 00 00 00 00  |........8..J....| 000001c0  01 01 83 3f 20 00 00 08  00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00  |...? ....... ...| 000001d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 000001f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa  |..............U.| 00000200 <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u201c\u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f #1\u201d \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439. <\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f 1.5 GRUB\u2019\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 MBR \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 63-\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442 MBR, \u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 62\u00a0\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e 512\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c 31\u00a0744\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430. \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f core.img, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u00a01.5 GRUB. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432 \/boot. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f #1,5 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b 2048 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 63-\u0439:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><code>Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1\u00a0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>First sector (2048-54525951, default 2048):\u00a0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>Using default value 2048<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 fdisk \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u043e \u201c\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043c\u201d (http:\/\/jdebp.info.\/FGA\/disc-partition-alignment.html).<\/p>\n<h3>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435 MBR, \u0430 GPT?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0425\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0438 UEFI, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u00ab\u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u00bb. \u0421\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 GPT \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 MBR \u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441 EFI\/UEFI (\u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b BIOS), \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441 BIOS. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0435:<\/p>\n<figure class=\"full-width\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/r\/w780q1\/getpro\/habr\/upload_files\/b53\/3b3\/8d6\/b533b38d68f501d1d92022cfe58763f1.jpg\" width=\"1394\" height=\"568\" data-src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/upload_files\/b53\/3b3\/8d6\/b533b38d68f501d1d92022cfe58763f1.jpg\" data-blurred=\"true\"\/><\/figure>\n<p>\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 GPT \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# gdisk \/dev\/sdf GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10  Partition table scan:   MBR: not present   BSD: not present   APM: not present   GPT: not present  Creating new GPT entries.  Command (? for help): p Disk \/dev\/sdf: 2097152 sectors, 1024.0 MiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): B4B6ADC2-581E-4AC7-BED9-A1FDBE8E0EB7 Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 2097118 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 2097085 sectors (1024.0 MiB)  Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name  Command (? for help): n Partition number (1-128, default 1):  First sector (34-2097118, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  Last sector (2048-2097118, default = 2097118) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +500M Current type is 'Linux filesystem' Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):   Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'  Command (? for help): p Disk \/dev\/sdf: 2097152 sectors, 1024.0 MiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): B4B6ADC2-581E-4AC7-BED9-A1FDBE8E0EB7 Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 2097118 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 1073085 sectors (524.0 MiB)  Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name    1            2048         1026047   500.0 MiB   8300  Linux filesystem  Command (? for help): w  Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING PARTITIONS!!  Do you want to proceed? (Y\/N): Y OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to \/dev\/sdf. The operation has completed successfully.<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 gdisk \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0438 Protective MBR, \u0438 GPT:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# gdisk \/dev\/sdf GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10  Partition table scan:   MBR: protective   BSD: not present   APM: not present   GPT: present  Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.  Command (? for help):<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438:   <\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code>Command (? for help): i Using 1 Partition GUID code: 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4 (Linux filesystem) Partition unique GUID: 00952D54-85EB-464A-A288-1B81C5F55D5C First sector: 2048 (at 1024.0 KiB) Last sector: 1026047 (at 501.0 MiB) Partition size: 1024000 sectors (500.0 MiB) Attribute flags: 0000000000000000 Partition name: 'Linux filesystem'  Command (? for help):  [root@oel78 ~]# dd if=\/dev\/sdf of=\/tmp\/header-sdf bs=512 count=3  [root@oel78 ~]# cat \/tmp\/header-sdf | hexdump -C 00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 000001c0  02 00 ee 05 e1 f3 01 00  00 00 ff ff 1f 00 00 00  |................| 000001d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 000001f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa  |..............U.| 00000200  45 46 49 20 50 41 52 54  00 00 01 00 5c 00 00 00  |EFI PART....\\...| 00000210  54 d3 27 b6 00 00 00 00  01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |T.'.............| 00000220  ff ff 1f 00 00 00 00 00  22 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |........\".......| 00000230  de ff 1f 00 00 00 00 00  c2 ad b6 b4 1e 58 c7 4a  |.............X.J| 00000240  be d9 a1 fd be 8e 0e b7  02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| 00000250  80 00 00 00 80 00 00 00  8d 24 88 fa 00 00 00 00  |.........$......| 00000260  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000400  af 3d c6 0f 83 84 72 47  8e 79 3d 69 d8 47 7d e4  |.=....rG.y=i.G}.| 00000410  54 2d 95 00 eb 85 4a 46  a2 88 1b 81 c5 f5 5d 5c  |T-....JF......]\\| 00000420  00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00  ff a7 0f 00 00 00 00 00  |................| 00000430  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  4c 00 69 00 6e 00 75 00  |........L.i.n.u.| 00000440  78 00 20 00 66 00 69 00  6c 00 65 00 73 00 79 00  |x. .f.i.l.e.s.y.| 00000450  73 00 74 00 65 00 6d 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |s.t.e.m.........| 00000460  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| *   [root@oel78 ~]# grub2-install \/dev\/sdf Installing for i386-pc platform. grub2-install: warning: this GPT partition label contains no BIOS Boot Partition; embedding won't be possible. grub2-install: error: embedding is not possible, but this is required for cross-disk install.    [root@oel78 ~]# gdisk \/dev\/sdf GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10  Partition table scan:   MBR: protective   BSD: not present   APM: not present   GPT: present  Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.  Command (? for help): ? b       back up GPT data to a file c       change a partition's name d       delete a partition i       show detailed information on a partition l       list known partition types n       add a new partition o       create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT) p       print the partition table q       quit without saving changes r       recovery and transformation options (experts only) s       sort partitions t       change a partition's type code v       verify disk w       write table to disk and exit x       extra functionality (experts only) ?       print this menu  Command (? for help): n Partition number (2-128, default 2):  First sector (34-2097118, default = 1026048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  Last sector (1026048-2097118, default = 2097118) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +200M Current type is 'Linux filesystem' Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):  Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'  Command (? for help):  Command (? for help): p Disk \/dev\/sdf: 2097152 sectors, 1024.0 MiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): B4B6ADC2-581E-4AC7-BED9-A1FDBE8E0EB7 Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 2097118 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 663485 sectors (324.0 MiB)  Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name    1            2048         1026047   500.0 MiB   8300  Linux filesystem    2         1026048         1435647   200.0 MiB   8300  Linux filesystem  Command (? for help): 2 b       back up GPT data to a file c       change a partition's name d       delete a partition i       show detailed information on a partition l       list known partition types n       add a new partition o       create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT) p       print the partition table q       quit without saving changes r       recovery and transformation options (experts only) s       sort partitions t       change a partition's type code v       verify disk w       write table to disk and exit x       extra functionality (experts only) ?       print this menu  Command (? for help): t Partition number (1-2): 2 Current type is 'Linux filesystem' Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): ef02 Changed type of partition to 'BIOS boot partition'  Command (? for help): w  Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING PARTITIONS!!  Do you want to proceed? (Y\/N): Y OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to \/dev\/sdf. The operation has completed successfully<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a:   <\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# grub2-install \/dev\/sdf Installing for i386-pc platform. Installation finished. No error reported.   [root@oel78 ~]# cat \/tmp\/header-sdf-2 | hexdump -C 00000000  eb 63 90 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.c..............| 00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000050  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 80 00 a8 0f 00  |................| 00000060  00 00 00 00 ff fa 90 90  f6 c2 80 74 05 f6 c2 70  |...........t...p| 00000070  74 02 b2 80 ea 79 7c 00  00 31 c0 8e d8 8e d0 bc  |t....y|..1......| 00000080  00 20 fb a0 64 7c 3c ff  74 02 88 c2 52 be 05 7c  |. ..d|&lt;.t...R..|| 00000090  b4 41 bb aa 55 cd 13 5a  52 72 3d 81 fb 55 aa 75  |.A..U..ZRr=..U.u| 000000a0  37 83 e1 01 74 32 31 c0  89 44 04 40 88 44 ff 89  |7...t21..D.@.D..| 000000b0  44 02 c7 04 10 00 66 8b  1e 5c 7c 66 89 5c 08 66  |D.....f..\\|f.\\.f| 000000c0  8b 1e 60 7c 66 89 5c 0c  c7 44 06 00 70 b4 42 cd  |..`|f.\\..D..p.B.| 000000d0  13 72 05 bb 00 70 eb 76  b4 08 cd 13 73 0d 5a 84  |.r...p.v....s.Z.| 000000e0  d2 0f 83 de 00 be 85 7d  e9 82 00 66 0f b6 c6 88  |.......}...f....| 000000f0  64 ff 40 66 89 44 04 0f  b6 d1 c1 e2 02 88 e8 88  |d.@f.D..........| 00000100  f4 40 89 44 08 0f b6 c2  c0 e8 02 66 89 04 66 a1  |.@.D.......f..f.| 00000110  60 7c 66 09 c0 75 4e 66  a1 5c 7c 66 31 d2 66 f7  |`|f..uNf.\\|f1.f.| 00000120  34 88 d1 31 d2 66 f7 74  04 3b 44 08 7d 37 fe c1  |4..1.f.t.;D.}7..| 00000130  88 c5 30 c0 c1 e8 02 08  c1 88 d0 5a 88 c6 bb 00  |..0........Z....| 00000140  70 8e c3 31 db b8 01 02  cd 13 72 1e 8c c3 60 1e  |p..1......r...`.| 00000150  b9 00 01 8e db 31 f6 bf  00 80 8e c6 fc f3 a5 1f  |.....1..........| 00000160  61 ff 26 5a 7c be 80 7d  eb 03 be 8f 7d e8 34 00  |a.&amp;Z|..}....}.4.| 00000170  be 94 7d e8 2e 00 cd 18  eb fe 47 52 55 42 20 00  |..}.......GRUB .| 00000180  47 65 6f 6d 00 48 61 72  64 20 44 69 73 6b 00 52  |Geom.Hard Disk.R| 00000190  65 61 64 00 20 45 72 72  6f 72 0d 0a 00 bb 01 00  |ead. Error......| 000001a0  b4 0e cd 10 ac 3c 00 75  f4 c3 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.....&lt;.u........| 000001b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| 000001c0  02 00 ee 05 e1 f3 01 00  00 00 ff ff 1f 00 00 00  |................| 000001d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 000001f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa  |..............U.| 00000200  45 46 49 20 50 41 52 54  00 00 01 00 5c 00 00 00  |EFI PART....\\...| 00000210  25 38 90 a1 00 00 00 00  01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |%8..............| 00000220  ff ff 1f 00 00 00 00 00  22 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |........\".......| 00000230  de ff 1f 00 00 00 00 00  c2 ad b6 b4 1e 58 c7 4a  |.............X.J| 00000240  be d9 a1 fd be 8e 0e b7  02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| 00000250  80 00 00 00 80 00 00 00  66 63 9c 9a 00 00 00 00  |........fc......| 00000260  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000400  af 3d c6 0f 83 84 72 47  8e 79 3d 69 d8 47 7d e4  |.=....rG.y=i.G}.| 00000410  54 2d 95 00 eb 85 4a 46  a2 88 1b 81 c5 f5 5d 5c  |T-....JF......]\\| 00000420  00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00  ff a7 0f 00 00 00 00 00  |................| 00000430  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  4c 00 69 00 6e 00 75 00  |........L.i.n.u.| 00000440  78 00 20 00 66 00 69 00  6c 00 65 00 73 00 79 00  |x. .f.i.l.e.s.y.| 00000450  73 00 74 00 65 00 6d 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |s.t.e.m.........| 00000460  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000480  48 61 68 21 49 64 6f 6e  74 4e 65 65 64 45 46 49  |Hah!IdontNeedEFI| 00000490  8a 24 28 d6 d9 01 20 49  8a 8e 48 2c d9 ab 9a bb  |.$(... I..H,....| 000004a0  00 a8 0f 00 00 00 00 00  ff e7 15 00 00 00 00 00  |................| 000004b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  42 00 49 00 4f 00 53 00  |........B.I.O.S.| 000004c0  20 00 62 00 6f 00 6f 00  74 00 20 00 70 00 61 00  | .b.o.o.t. .p.a.| 000004d0  72 00 74 00 69 00 74 00  69 00 6f 00 6e 00 00 00  |r.t.i.t.i.o.n...| 000004e0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000600 <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<h3>\u041d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439<\/h3>\n<p>\u00a0\u041f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 BIOS \u0438 MBR.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 BIOS \u0438 GPT.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 EFI \u0438 MBR.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 EFI \u0438 GPT.<\/p>\n<p><strong>BIOS \u0438 MBR. <\/strong>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f      \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><strong>BIOS \u0438 GPT.<\/strong> \u0412\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435      \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432 MBR (\u0447\u0442\u043e      \u0434\u043b\u044f GPT \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a <em>protective MBR \u2014 <\/em>\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u00ab\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u00bb,<em> <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f      \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 GPT). \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 GRUB \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442      BIOS Boot Partition,      \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e GPT-\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 21686148-6449-6E6F-744E. \u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443      \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \/boot\/grub \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438      BIOS \u0438 MBR.<\/p>\n<p><strong>EFI \u0438 MBR. <\/strong>\u0412\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439      \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f (GRUB EFI \u2014 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b) \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432 EFI System Partition (ESP;      \u0442\u0438\u043f 0xEF \u043d\u0430 MBR \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435). \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e      \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f grubx64.efi \u0432      \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \/boot\/efi\/EFI\/redhat\/. <\/p>\n<p><strong>EFI \u0438 GPT.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 ESP \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a: C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B. \u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435.   <\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 GRUB2<\/h3>\n<p>GRUB2 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b initramfs \u0432 \/boot\/ \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 grub2-mkconfig. <\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e:<\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code># grep -A 10 \"menuentry 'CentOS\" grub.cfg  menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64-advanced-53a77eb0-927d-45ab-a110-1f00713931db' { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod xfs set root='hd0,gpt2' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8 else   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8 -- menuentry 'CentOS Linux (0-rescue-f1e78ff605dd47a3bc0839d240d643c6) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-0-rescue-f1e78ff605dd47a3bc0839d240d643c6-advanced-53a77eb0-927d-45ab-a110-1f00713931db' { load_video insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod xfs set root='hd0,gpt2' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8 else   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8 fi<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e:<\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code>[root@server-centos centos]# yum update kernel Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, versionlock  This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.  Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  * base: mirror.yandex.ru  * elrepo: lon.mirror.rackspace.com  * elrepo-extras: lon.mirror.rackspace.com  * elrepo-kernel: lon.mirror.rackspace.com  * elrepo-testing: lon.mirror.rackspace.com  * epel: mirror.cloudhosting.lv  * extras: mirror.yandex.ru  * updates: mirror.hyperdedic.ru Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution  Dependencies Resolved  ==================================================================================================================================================================================================================  Package                                       Arch                                          Version                                                         Repository                                      Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing:  kernel                                        x86_64                                        3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7                                           updates                                         52 M  Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install  1 Package  Total size: 52 M Installed size: 66 M Is this ok [y\/d\/N]: y Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction   Installing : kernel-3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                            1\/1    Verifying  : kernel-3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                            1\/1   Installed:   kernel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7                                                                                                                                                                             Complete! <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c:<\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code># grub2-mkconfig | grep -A 10 \"menuentry 'CentOS\"             menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7.x86_64-advanced-53a77eb0-927d-45ab-a110-1f00713931db' { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod xfs set root='hd0,gpt2' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8 else   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8  menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64-advanced-53a77eb0-927d-45ab-a110-1f00713931db' { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod xfs set root='hd0,gpt2' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8 else   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8  menuentry 'CentOS Linux (0-rescue-f1e78ff605dd47a3bc0839d240d643c6) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-0-rescue-f1e78ff605dd47a3bc0839d240d643c6-advanced-53a77eb0-927d-45ab-a110-1f00713931db' { load_video insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod xfs set root='hd0,gpt2' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8 else   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8 fi done <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 grub2-mkconfig \u043e\u043d \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n<p>1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0418\u043d\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \/boot\/.<\/p>\n<p>2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u044b \u0432 \/etc\/grub.d\/:<\/p>\n<pre><code># ls -la \/etc\/grub.d\/ total 88 drwx------.   2 root root   182 Apr 10  2023 . drwxr-xr-x. 158 root root 12288 Apr 14 23:16 .. -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root  8702 Dec 16  2022 00_header -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root  1043 Mar 22  2019 00_tuned -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root   232 Dec 16  2022 01_users -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root 10781 Dec 16  2022 10_linux -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root 10275 Dec 16  2022 20_linux_xen -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root  2559 Dec 16  2022 20_ppc_terminfo -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root 11169 Dec 16  2022 30_os-prober -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root   214 Dec 16  2022 40_custom -rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root   216 Dec 16  2022 41_custom -rw-r--r--.   1 root root   483 Dec 16  2022 README<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 \/etc\/default\/grub.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/h3>\n<p>Q: \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b GRUB2 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e?<\/p>\n<p>A: \u041d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 grubby:<\/p>\n<pre><code># grubby --info=ALL index=0 kernel=\/boot\/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7.x86_64 args=\"ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos\/root rd.lvm.lv=centos\/swap rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8\" root=\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root initrd=\/boot\/initramfs-3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7.x86_64.img title=CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.114.2.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core) index=1 kernel=\/boot\/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 args=\"ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos\/root rd.lvm.lv=centos\/swap rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8\" root=\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root initrd=\/boot\/initramfs-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64.img title=CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core) index=2 kernel=\/boot\/vmlinuz-0-rescue-f1e78ff605dd47a3bc0839d240d643c6 args=\"ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos\/root rd.lvm.lv=centos\/swap rhgb quiet\" root=\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root initrd=\/boot\/initramfs-0-rescue-f1e78ff605dd47a3bc0839d240d643c6.img title=CentOS Linux (0-rescue-f1e78ff605dd47a3bc0839d240d643c6) 7 (Core) index=3 non linux entry  # grubby --set-default-index=1 # grubby --default-kernel \/boot\/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Q: \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d?<\/p>\n<p>A: \u041c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 grub2-install, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b boot (\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 BIOS \u0438 MBR). \u0412\u044b \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438?<\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f UEFI \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b:<\/p>\n<p><code># yum reinstall grub2-efi shim<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code># reboot<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Q: \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e GRUB2?<\/p>\n<p>A: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 grub2-mkconfig > \/boot\/grub2\/grub.cfg<strong>. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u2014 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u0443 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e. \u0412\u0435\u0434\u044c \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440. <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!----><!----><\/div>\n<p><!----><!----><br \/> \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/articles\/820615\/\"> https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/articles\/820615\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div><!--[--><!--]--><\/div>\n<div id=\"post-content-body\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-formatted-body article-formatted-body article-formatted-body_version-2\">\n<div xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\">\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440! <\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u044b, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441 GRUB2 \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e. \u0410 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u043e \u0432\u00a0\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 Linux \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u00ab\u0410\u00a0\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e?\u00bb, \u2014 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u044c. \u00a0\u0420\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f. \u0410 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u00ab\u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 GRUB\u00bb &#8212; \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u043e.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"full-width\"><\/figure>\n<h3>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a (bootloader)?<\/h3>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430. \u0415\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0443. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 (\u041e\u0421). <\/p>\n<h3>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432: <\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c UEFI; <\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0441 CONFIG_EFI_STUB, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 3.1;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441: \u00ab\u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e?\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u00ab\u0441\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00bb \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 2-3\u00a0\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b), \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438.<\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0412 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e-\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_bootloaders\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_bootloaders<\/a>. \u041d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e GRUB\/GRUB2 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u041e\u043d \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e c\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u041e\u043d \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u041e\u043d \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00bb \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f RHEL \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432. \u00ab\u041a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439 Enterprise\u00bb \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u043d\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c. <\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043c GRUB\/GRUB2, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u0432 GRUB2 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e, \u0438\u0431\u043e \u00ab\u043d\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb J \u0410\u00a0\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u041e\u0421. <\/p>\n<p>GRUB:<\/p>\n<pre><code>title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 (2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64)         root (hd0,0)         kernel \/vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 ro root=\/dev\/mapper\/vg_rhel6-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 rd_LVM_LV=vg_rhel6\/lv_swap crashkernel=auto  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_LVM_LV=vg_rhel6\/lv_root rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet         initrd \/initramfs-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64.img<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>GRUB2:<\/p>\n<pre><code>menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64-advanced-53a77eb0-927d-45ab-a110-1f00713931db' {         load_video         set gfxpayload=keep         insmod gzio         insmod part_gpt         insmod xfs         set root='hd0,gpt2'         if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then           search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8         else           search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root eabdf552-63da-4489-a0db-6a0cdde095b8         fi         linuxefi \/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 root=\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos\/root rd.lvm.lv=centos\/swap rhgb quiet          initrdefi \/initramfs-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64.img }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0436, \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u0438 \ud83d\ude41<\/p>\n<h3>\u0417\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438?<\/h3>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441 Basic Input Output System (BIOS). \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 BIOS \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 Power on Self Test (POST) \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435. \u041c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f BIOS, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441 \u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0430 # 1 (\u0432 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u00abstage\u00bb &#8212; \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c).   <\/p>\n<figure class=\"full-width\"><\/figure>\n<p>\u041d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d Master Boot Record (MBR) \u2014 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. MBR \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e 512\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442. \u0421\u00a0\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 66\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 (Partition Table), \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 446\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 (boot.img). \u0412\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a. \u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f #1 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435. \u0412\u043e\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a.<\/p>\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# dd if=\/dev\/sde bs=512 count=1 | hexdump -C  [root@oel78 ~]# cat \/tmp\/header |hexdump -C 00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000200<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e:   <\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# fdisk \/dev\/sde Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).  Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command.  Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x4abaf638.  Command (m for help): p  Disk \/dev\/sde: 27.9 GB, 27917287424 bytes, 54525952 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes I\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x4abaf638     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System  Command (m for help): n Partition type:    p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)    e   extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1  First sector (2048-54525951, default 2048):  Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-54525951, default 54525951): +1G Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set  Command (m for help): p  Disk \/dev\/sde: 27.9 GB, 27917287424 bytes, 54525952 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes I\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x4abaf638     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System \/dev\/sde1            2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux  Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered!  Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e:   <\/p>\n<details class=\"spoiler\">\n<summary>Hidden text<\/summary>\n<div class=\"spoiler__content\">\n<pre><code>[root@oel78 ~]# grub2-install \/dev\/sde Installing for i386-pc platform. Installation finished. No error reported.  [root@oel78 ~]# file -s \/dev\/sde \/dev\/sde: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, starthead 0, startsector 2048, 2097152 sectors, extended partition table (last)\\011, code offset 0x63  [root@oel78 ~]# dd if=\/dev\/sde of=\/tmp\/header-mbr |hexdump -C 00000000  eb 63 90 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.c..............| 00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 00000050  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 80 01 00 00 00  |................| 00000060  00 00 00 00 ff fa 90 90  f6 c2 80 74 05 f6 c2 70  |...........t...p| 00000070  74 02 b2 80 ea 79 7c 00  00 31 c0 8e d8 8e d0 bc  |t....y|..1......| 00000080  00 20 fb a0 64 7c 3c ff  74 02 88 c2 52 be 05 7c  |. ..d|&lt;.t...R..|| 00000090  b4 41 bb aa 55 cd 13 5a  52 72 3d 81 fb 55 aa 75  |.A..U..ZRr=..U.u| 000000a0  37 83 e1 01 74 32 31 c0  89 44 04 40 88 44 ff 89  |7...t21..D.@.D..| 000000b0  44 02 c7 04 10 00 66 8b  1e 5c 7c 66 89 5c 08 66  |D.....f..\\|f.\\.f| 000000c0  8b 1e 60 7c 66 89 5c 0c  c7 44 06 00 70 b4 42 cd  |..`|f.\\..D..p.B.| 000000d0  13 72 05 bb 00 70 eb 76  b4 08 cd 13 73 0d 5a 84  |.r...p.v....s.Z.| 000000e0  d2 0f 83 de 00 be 85 7d  e9 82 00 66 0f b6 c6 88  |.......}...f....| 000000f0  64 ff 40 66 89 44 04 0f  b6 d1 c1 e2 02 88 e8 88  |d.@f.D..........| 00000100  f4 40 89 44 08 0f b6 c2  c0 e8 02 66 89 04 66 a1  |.@.D.......f..f.| 00000110  60 7c 66 09 c0 75 4e 66  a1 5c 7c 66 31 d2 66 f7  |`|f..uNf.\\|f1.f.| 00000120  34 88 d1 31 d2 66 f7 74  04 3b 44 08 7d 37 fe c1  |4..1.f.t.;D.}7..| 00000130  88 c5 30 c0 c1 e8 02 08  c1 88 d0 5a 88 c6 bb 00  |..0........Z....| 00000140  70 8e c3 31 db b8 01 02  cd 13 72 1e 8c c3 60 1e  |p..1......r...`.| 00000150  b9 00 01 8e db 31 f6 bf  00 80 8e c6 fc f3 a5 1f  |.....1..........| 00000160  61 ff 26 5a 7c be 80 7d  eb 03 be 8f 7d e8 34 00  |a.&amp;Z|..}....}.4.| 00000170  be 94 7d e8 2e 00 cd 18  eb fe 47 52 55 42 20 00  |..}.......GRUB .| 00000180  47 65 6f 6d 00 48 61 72  64 20 44 69 73 6b 00 52  |Geom.Hard Disk.R| 00000190  65 61 64 00 20 45 72 72  6f 72 0d 0a 00 bb 01 00  |ead. Error......| 000001a0  b4 0e cd 10 ac 3c 00 75  f4 c3 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.....&lt;.u........| 000001b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  38 f6 ba 4a 00 00 00 00  |........8..J....| 000001c0  01 01 83 3f 20 00 00 08  00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00  |...? ....... ...| 000001d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................| * 000001f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa  |..............U.| 00000200 <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u201c\u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f #1\u201d \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439. <\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f 1.5 GRUB\u2019\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 MBR \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 63-\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442 MBR, \u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 62\u00a0\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e 512\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c 31\u00a0744\u00a0\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430. \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f core.img, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u00a01.5 GRUB. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432 \/boot. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f #1,5 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b 2048 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 63-\u0439:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><code>Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1\u00a0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>First sector (2048-54525951, default 2048):\u00a0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>Using default value 2048<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 fdisk \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-378524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=378524"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378524\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=378524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=378524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=378524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}