{"id":483520,"date":"2026-06-13T17:31:27","date_gmt":"2026-06-13T17:31:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/?p=483520"},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T21:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/?p=483520","title":{"rendered":"\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0443\u0441\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"<div xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\">\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438: <a href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/articles\/1044230\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u00ab\u0412\u044b\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 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loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0451 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c). \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0435\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"f(x, y, z) = C\" alt=\"f(x, y, z) = C\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/07\/071\/071bf51f22286052738923d1e1b3400e.svg\" width=\"104\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"13.208\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/07\/071\/071bf51f22286052738923d1e1b3400e.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/07\/071\/071bf51f22286052738923d1e1b3400e.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"C\" alt=\"C\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0d\/0d6\/0d61f8370cad1d412f80b84d143e1257.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.719\" data-height=\"1.645\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.05\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0d\/0d6\/0d61f8370cad1d412f80b84d143e1257.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0d\/0d6\/0d61f8370cad1d412f80b84d143e1257.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438 \u0432 \u043b\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f, \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"f(x,y,z)=C\" alt=\"f(x,y,z)=C\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b2\/7b264cd3dbc3b292e98269f82abf5098.svg\" width=\"104\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"13.208\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b2\/7b264cd3dbc3b292e98269f82abf5098.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b2\/7b264cd3dbc3b292e98269f82abf5098.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\mathbb{R}^3\" alt=\"\\mathbb{R}^3\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a6b\/a6bcd1eddcf2923b077bd5e08d5731c6.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"2.621\" data-height=\"2.564\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.716\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a6b\/a6bcd1eddcf2923b077bd5e08d5731c6.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a6b\/a6bcd1eddcf2923b077bd5e08d5731c6.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\mathbb{R}^3\" alt=\"\\mathbb{R}^3\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a6b\/a6bcd1eddcf2923b077bd5e08d5731c6.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"2.621\" data-height=\"2.564\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.716\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a6b\/a6bcd1eddcf2923b077bd5e08d5731c6.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a6b\/a6bcd1eddcf2923b077bd5e08d5731c6.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"u(x,y,z)\" alt=\"u(x,y,z)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/13\/13b\/13b9a1a680edce72d6046544b536a690.svg\" width=\"64\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"8.521\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/13\/13b\/13b9a1a680edce72d6046544b536a690.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/13\/13b\/13b9a1a680edce72d6046544b536a690.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"v(x,y,z)\" alt=\"v(x,y,z)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e3\/e3b\/e3ba0ff386ee6b2bd352039dbe3a2cd0.svg\" width=\"64\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"8.324\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e3\/e3b\/e3ba0ff386ee6b2bd352039dbe3a2cd0.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e3\/e3b\/e3ba0ff386ee6b2bd352039dbe3a2cd0.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>. \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"(x,y,z)\" alt=\"(x,y,z)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/4b\/4bf\/4bf16061f8c120f8adc4ba78f47396a6.svg\" width=\"56\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"7.227\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/4b\/4bf\/4bf16061f8c120f8adc4ba78f47396a6.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/4b\/4bf\/4bf16061f8c120f8adc4ba78f47396a6.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"u(x,y,z)\" alt=\"u(x,y,z)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/13\/13b\/13b9a1a680edce72d6046544b536a690.svg\" width=\"64\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"8.521\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/13\/13b\/13b9a1a680edce72d6046544b536a690.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/13\/13b\/13b9a1a680edce72d6046544b536a690.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"v(x,y,z)\" alt=\"v(x,y,z)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e3\/e3b\/e3ba0ff386ee6b2bd352039dbe3a2cd0.svg\" width=\"64\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"8.324\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e3\/e3b\/e3ba0ff386ee6b2bd352039dbe3a2cd0.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e3\/e3b\/e3ba0ff386ee6b2bd352039dbe3a2cd0.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"f\" alt=\"f\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8f\/8fa\/8fa14cdd754f91cc6554c9e71929cce7.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"1.244\" data-height=\"2.059\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.464\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8f\/8fa\/8fa14cdd754f91cc6554c9e71929cce7.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8f\/8fa\/8fa14cdd754f91cc6554c9e71929cce7.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439?<\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 <strong>\u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0443\u0441\u0430<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h3>\u0423\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/h3>\n<p>\u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"D\\subset\\mathbb{R}^m\" alt=\"D\\subset\\mathbb{R}^m\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/76\/763\/763af8b37520c21336bec60e80ccc58a.svg\" width=\"64\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"8.116\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/76\/763\/763af8b37520c21336bec60e80ccc58a.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/76\/763\/763af8b37520c21336bec60e80ccc58a.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"n\" alt=\"n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.357\" data-height=\"1.025\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.025\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"v_1(x),\\ldots,v_n(x)\" alt=\"v_1(x),\\ldots,v_n(x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f0\/f0c\/f0c18a39a2d5373eaf72dbd00716b4b8.svg\" width=\"120\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"15.479\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f0\/f0c\/f0c18a39a2d5373eaf72dbd00716b4b8.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f0\/f0c\/f0c18a39a2d5373eaf72dbd00716b4b8.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 1.<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"D\" alt=\"D\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.873\" data-height=\"1.545\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442:<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"[v_i,v_j]=0, \\quad i,j=1,\\ldots,n.\" alt=\"[v_i,v_j]=0, \\quad i,j=1,\\ldots,n.\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/15\/153\/1537ec700aa1bff44c1ccd37a9e1cccd.svg\" width=\"216\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"27.356\" data-height=\"2.363\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.616\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/15\/153\/1537ec700aa1bff44c1ccd37a9e1cccd.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/15\/153\/1537ec700aa1bff44c1ccd37a9e1cccd.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u0448\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"\\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial t^k}=v_k(x), \\quad x \\big|_{t=0}=\\hat x\\in D\" alt=\"\\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial t^k}=v_k(x), \\quad x \\big|_{t=0}=\\hat x\\in D\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b2\/b2e\/b2e60ca7cf482e34570872d9ffe12ebd.svg\" width=\"232\" height=\"32\" data-width=\"29.38\" data-height=\"4.87\" data-vertical-align=\"-1.87\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b2\/b2e\/b2e60ca7cf482e34570872d9ffe12ebd.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b2\/b2e\/b2e60ca7cf482e34570872d9ffe12ebd.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"x=x(t)\" alt=\"x=x(t)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/6c\/6cc\/6cc7137dd3f51a1ae1acc936aa6f0113.svg\" width=\"64\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"8.182\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/6c\/6cc\/6cc7137dd3f51a1ae1acc936aa6f0113.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/6c\/6cc\/6cc7137dd3f51a1ae1acc936aa6f0113.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u0433\u0434\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"t=(t^1,\\ldots, t^n)\\in\\mathbb{R}^n\" alt=\"t=(t^1,\\ldots, t^n)\\in\\mathbb{R}^n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/2\/2a\/2a6\/2a61800b668883776be4b1a360e96481.svg\" width=\"152\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"19.951\" data-height=\"2.565\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.717\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/2\/2a\/2a6\/2a61800b668883776be4b1a360e96481.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/2\/2a\/2a6\/2a61800b668883776be4b1a360e96481.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0445 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"|t|\" alt=\"|t|\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e8\/e8f\/e8fe2606f603ea96e3dd9e6faccdc16a.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"2.075\" data-height=\"2.26\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.564\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e8\/e8f\/e8fe2606f603ea96e3dd9e6faccdc16a.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e8\/e8f\/e8fe2606f603ea96e3dd9e6faccdc16a.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4>\u0414\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/h4>\n<p>\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"t\\mapsto x(t)\" alt=\"t\\mapsto x(t)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/bb\/bbb\/bbb3d7dac53c095b8891a3edb766cfb6.svg\" width=\"64\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"8.207\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/bb\/bbb\/bbb3d7dac53c095b8891a3edb766cfb6.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/bb\/bbb\/bbb3d7dac53c095b8891a3edb766cfb6.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0439<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"x(t)=g_1^{t^1}\\circ\\ldots\\circ g_n^{t^n}(\\hat x), \\quad g_k^t:=g_{v_k}^t,\\qquad(1)\" alt=\"x(t)=g_1^{t^1}\\circ\\ldots\\circ g_n^{t^n}(\\hat x), \\quad g_k^t:=g_{v_k}^t,\\qquad(1)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/63\/635\/635ed348562d68444e382560b6faa398.svg\" width=\"336\" height=\"24\" data-width=\"42.269\" data-height=\"3.08\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.974\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/63\/635\/635ed348562d68444e382560b6faa398.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/63\/635\/635ed348562d68444e382560b6faa398.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"g_1^t\" alt=\"g_1^t\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/84\/842\/8427cfad577d92b8a49278bb28e77ae8.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"2.067\" data-height=\"2.495\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.559\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/84\/842\/8427cfad577d92b8a49278bb28e77ae8.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/84\/842\/8427cfad577d92b8a49278bb28e77ae8.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u043c:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"\\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial t^1}=v_1(g_1^{t^1}\\circ\\ldots\\circ g_n^{t^n}(\\hat x)).\" alt=\"\\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial t^1}=v_1(g_1^{t^1}\\circ\\ldots\\circ g_n^{t^n}(\\hat x)).\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/74\/749\/74922d74c81bee07c1e067a9f8ed98da.svg\" width=\"208\" height=\"32\" data-width=\"26.75\" data-height=\"4.826\" data-vertical-align=\"-1.847\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/74\/749\/74922d74c81bee07c1e067a9f8ed98da.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/74\/749\/74922d74c81bee07c1e067a9f8ed98da.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u0423\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"\\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial t^k}=v_k(x(t)), \\quad k\\ge 2,\" alt=\"\\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial t^k}=v_k(x(t)), \\quad k\\ge 2,\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/04\/040\/04095820ff4d967ee5ebe405a337dc7b.svg\" width=\"192\" height=\"32\" data-width=\"24.105\" data-height=\"4.87\" data-vertical-align=\"-1.87\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/04\/040\/04095820ff4d967ee5ebe405a337dc7b.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/04\/040\/04095820ff4d967ee5ebe405a337dc7b.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"g_k^{t^k}\" alt=\"g_k^{t^k}\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/93\/93b\/93b972d08734452d242df410a2a11cd8.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"2.567\" data-height=\"2.918\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.618\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/93\/93b\/93b972d08734452d242df410a2a11cd8.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/93\/93b\/93b972d08734452d242df410a2a11cd8.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435 (1) \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u0448\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u2014 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"x(t)=\\hat x+\\int_{[0,t]}v_i(x(\\xi))\\,dt^i, \\quad [0,t]=\\{st\\in \\mathbb{R}^n \\mid 0\\le s\\le 1\\}\\subset\\mathbb{R}^n.\" alt=\"x(t)=\\hat x+\\int_{[0,t]}v_i(x(\\xi))\\,dt^i, \\quad [0,t]=\\{st\\in \\mathbb{R}^n \\mid 0\\le s\\le 1\\}\\subset\\mathbb{R}^n.\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/2\/29\/29b\/29ba5a5772d95c2ff370d5e54f6de565.svg\" width=\"512\" height=\"40\" data-width=\"64.091\" data-height=\"5.507\" data-vertical-align=\"-2.188\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/2\/29\/29b\/29ba5a5772d95c2ff370d5e54f6de565.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/2\/29\/29b\/29ba5a5772d95c2ff370d5e54f6de565.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430. <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\blacksquare\" alt=\"\\blacksquare\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/77\/77e\/77e61462d1adabba326f954b07b72122.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"1.76\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/77\/77e\/77e61462d1adabba326f954b07b72122.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/77\/77e\/77e61462d1adabba326f954b07b72122.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h3>\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0443\u0441\u0430<\/h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 2 (\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0445).<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"v_i=(v^1_i,\\ldots,v^m_i)(x),\\quad i=1,\\ldots,n,\" alt=\"v_i=(v^1_i,\\ldots,v^m_i)(x),\\quad i=1,\\ldots,n,\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/99\/991\/991419d537f538137193cbd96764b031.svg\" width=\"272\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"34.708\" data-height=\"2.576\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.723\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/99\/991\/991419d537f538137193cbd96764b031.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/99\/991\/991419d537f538137193cbd96764b031.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"D\" alt=\"D\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.873\" data-height=\"1.545\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"\\mathrm{rang}\\,V=n,\\quad V=\\begin{pmatrix} v^1_1 &amp; \\dots &amp; v^m_1 \\\\ \\vdots &amp; \\ddots &amp; \\vdots \\\\ v^1_n &amp; \\dots &amp; v^m_n \\end{pmatrix},\" alt=\"\\mathrm{rang}\\,V=n,\\quad V=\\begin{pmatrix} v^1_1 &amp; \\dots &amp; v^m_1 \\\\ \\vdots &amp; \\ddots &amp; \\vdots \\\\ v^1_n &amp; \\dots &amp; v^m_n \\end{pmatrix},\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e6\/e6c\/e6c22421c9cff58876dd09a046d5b22b.svg\" width=\"280\" height=\"80\" data-width=\"35.873\" data-height=\"10.833\" data-vertical-align=\"-4.851\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e6\/e6c\/e6c22421c9cff58876dd09a046d5b22b.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/e\/e6\/e6c\/e6c22421c9cff58876dd09a046d5b22b.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442:<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"[v_i,v_j]=0, \\quad i,j=1,\\ldots,n.\" alt=\"[v_i,v_j]=0, \\quad i,j=1,\\ldots,n.\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/15\/153\/1537ec700aa1bff44c1ccd37a9e1cccd.svg\" width=\"216\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"27.356\" data-height=\"2.363\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.616\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/15\/153\/1537ec700aa1bff44c1ccd37a9e1cccd.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/15\/153\/1537ec700aa1bff44c1ccd37a9e1cccd.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\hat x\\in D\" alt=\"\\hat x\\in D\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b9\/b9e\/b9e3641c706bd3a6dd91e1e257396906.svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"5.933\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b9\/b9e\/b9e3641c706bd3a6dd91e1e257396906.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b9\/b9e\/b9e3641c706bd3a6dd91e1e257396906.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u044f <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"n\" alt=\"n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.357\" data-height=\"1.025\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.025\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>-\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\\subset D\" alt=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\\subset D\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0e\/0e5\/0e5de8b2cce050a92db48f7a167156a8.svg\" width=\"72\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"9.578\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0e\/0e5\/0e5de8b2cce050a92db48f7a167156a8.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0e\/0e5\/0e5de8b2cce050a92db48f7a167156a8.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"v_1,\\ldots,v_n\" alt=\"v_1,\\ldots,v_n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b0\/b00\/b005b22634b1601c4c4fddaea59e6594.svg\" width=\"72\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"9.371\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b0\/b00\/b005b22634b1601c4c4fddaea59e6594.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b0\/b00\/b005b22634b1601c4c4fddaea59e6594.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" alt=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg\" width=\"32\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"4.688\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" alt=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg\" width=\"32\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"4.688\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"(t^1,\\ldots,t^n)\" alt=\"(t^1,\\ldots,t^n)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7d\/7dc\/7dcc126130ba91bb301df436dcd343b4.svg\" width=\"80\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"10.57\" data-height=\"2.565\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.717\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7d\/7dc\/7dcc126130ba91bb301df436dcd343b4.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7d\/7dc\/7dcc126130ba91bb301df436dcd343b4.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" alt=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg\" width=\"32\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"4.688\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"v_1,\\ldots,v_k\" alt=\"v_1,\\ldots,v_k\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/70\/70d\/70d2bf110c7ab9e6cb1ea9bfcc54f56a.svg\" width=\"72\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"9.244\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/70\/70d\/70d2bf110c7ab9e6cb1ea9bfcc54f56a.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/70\/70d\/70d2bf110c7ab9e6cb1ea9bfcc54f56a.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 3 (\u0424\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0443\u0441).<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"v_i=(v^1_i,\\ldots,v^m_i)(x),\\quad i=1,\\ldots,n,\" alt=\"v_i=(v^1_i,\\ldots,v^m_i)(x),\\quad i=1,\\ldots,n,\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/99\/991\/991419d537f538137193cbd96764b031.svg\" width=\"272\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"34.708\" data-height=\"2.576\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.723\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/99\/991\/991419d537f538137193cbd96764b031.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/99\/991\/991419d537f538137193cbd96764b031.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"D\" alt=\"D\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.873\" data-height=\"1.545\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f6\/f62\/f623e75af30e62bbd73d6df5b50bb7b5.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u0438:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"[v_i,v_j]=c_{ij}^p(x)v_p.\" alt=\"[v_i,v_j]=c_{ij}^p(x)v_p.\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c3\/c33\/c33c096ad7f01acb368b4c233b7dd76a.svg\" width=\"136\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"17.214\" data-height=\"2.809\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.991\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c3\/c33\/c33c096ad7f01acb368b4c233b7dd76a.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c3\/c33\/c33c096ad7f01acb368b4c233b7dd76a.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\hat x\\in D\" alt=\"\\hat x\\in D\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b9\/b9e\/b9e3641c706bd3a6dd91e1e257396906.svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"5.933\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b9\/b9e\/b9e3641c706bd3a6dd91e1e257396906.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b9\/b9e\/b9e3641c706bd3a6dd91e1e257396906.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u044f <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"n\" alt=\"n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.357\" data-height=\"1.025\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.025\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>-\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\\subset D\" alt=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\\subset D\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0e\/0e5\/0e5de8b2cce050a92db48f7a167156a8.svg\" width=\"72\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"9.578\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0e\/0e5\/0e5de8b2cce050a92db48f7a167156a8.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/0e\/0e5\/0e5de8b2cce050a92db48f7a167156a8.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"x\\in \\Sigma(\\hat x)\" alt=\"x\\in \\Sigma(\\hat x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/10\/101\/1015d0508a24f63cc60925b9ed0a5aa5.svg\" width=\"64\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"8.748\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/10\/101\/1015d0508a24f63cc60925b9ed0a5aa5.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/1\/10\/101\/1015d0508a24f63cc60925b9ed0a5aa5.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"v_1(x),\\ldots,v_n(x)\" alt=\"v_1(x),\\ldots,v_n(x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f0\/f0c\/f0c18a39a2d5373eaf72dbd00716b4b8.svg\" width=\"120\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"15.479\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f0\/f0c\/f0c18a39a2d5373eaf72dbd00716b4b8.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f0\/f0c\/f0c18a39a2d5373eaf72dbd00716b4b8.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" alt=\"\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg\" width=\"32\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"4.688\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/83\/831\/831f26c035e09d6c689e1f34486ea28f.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"x\" alt=\"x\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/9d\/9dd\/9dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.294\" data-height=\"1.025\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.025\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/9d\/9dd\/9dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/9\/9d\/9dd\/9dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> (<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"T_x\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" alt=\"T_x\\Sigma(\\hat x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/02\/02c\/02c8dcf61be69ca42f73ffe2aedba44b.svg\" width=\"56\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"7.112\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/02\/02c\/02c8dcf61be69ca42f73ffe2aedba44b.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/0\/02\/02c\/02c8dcf61be69ca42f73ffe2aedba44b.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4>\u0414\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/h4>\n<p>\u041f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0424\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439. \u041c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"u_1,\\ldots,u_n\" alt=\"u_1,\\ldots,u_n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/60\/607\/6079beff1e8638e1b237679ddf8f577f.svg\" width=\"72\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"9.764\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" 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https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b0\/b00\/b005b22634b1601c4c4fddaea59e6594.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"u_k(x)=A_k^s(x)v_s(x),\\quad \\mathrm{det}\\,(A_k^s(x))\\ne 0,\" alt=\"u_k(x)=A_k^s(x)v_s(x),\\quad \\mathrm{det}\\,(A_k^s(x))\\ne 0,\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/3\/3f\/3fd\/3fdde0923ae881ca083b6bbd570b9299.svg\" width=\"304\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"38.348\" data-height=\"2.314\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.591\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/3\/3f\/3fd\/3fdde0923ae881ca083b6bbd570b9299.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/3\/3f\/3fd\/3fdde0923ae881ca083b6bbd570b9299.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u0433\u0434\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"A_k^s(x)\" alt=\"A_k^s(x)\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/ae\/ae8\/ae8bfab185e9f4831ec6fc6245e85843.svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"5.772\" data-height=\"2.314\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.617\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/ae\/ae8\/ae8bfab185e9f4831ec6fc6245e85843.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/ae\/ae8\/ae8bfab185e9f4831ec6fc6245e85843.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u2014 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\hat x\" alt=\"\\hat x\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c2\/c24\/c243886a288804343eee2af0ad8dcebc.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"1.294\" data-height=\"2.398\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.633\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c2\/c24\/c243886a288804343eee2af0ad8dcebc.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c2\/c24\/c243886a288804343eee2af0ad8dcebc.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"u_1,\\ldots,u_n\" alt=\"u_1,\\ldots,u_n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/60\/607\/6079beff1e8638e1b237679ddf8f577f.svg\" width=\"72\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"9.764\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" 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780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c6\/c6d\/c6d9fbfd738aa0160cfb2b46612f7086.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c6\/c6d\/c6d9fbfd738aa0160cfb2b46612f7086.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u0438:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"[u_i,u_j]=b_{ij}^p(x)u_p.\" alt=\"[u_i,u_j]=b_{ij}^p(x)u_p.\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/42\/428\/42802f11aa71f1a71cdca2eaa5b859f8.svg\" width=\"136\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"17.795\" data-height=\"2.809\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.991\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/42\/428\/42802f11aa71f1a71cdca2eaa5b859f8.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/42\/428\/42802f11aa71f1a71cdca2eaa5b859f8.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u041b\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"[u,f v]=(L_uf) v+f[u,v].\" alt=\"[u,f v]=(L_uf) v+f[u,v].\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/5\/58\/586\/58622164132cd5192b72d15c8f2efa47.svg\" width=\"192\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"24.957\" 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https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c96\/c96b59279af8b06034c43473c16ab01d.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0411\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"v_k\" alt=\"v_k\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c95\/c957f49efb8c35a9639f0b116012e668.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"2.119\" data-height=\"1.359\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.357\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c95\/c957f49efb8c35a9639f0b116012e668.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c95\/c957f49efb8c35a9639f0b116012e668.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> 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source=\"V\" alt=\"V\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/5\/52\/520\/5206560a306a2e085a437fd258eb57ce.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.74\" data-height=\"1.595\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.05\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/5\/52\/520\/5206560a306a2e085a437fd258eb57ce.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/5\/52\/520\/5206560a306a2e085a437fd258eb57ce.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044e.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"V\" alt=\"V\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/5\/52\/520\/5206560a306a2e085a437fd258eb57ce.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.74\" data-height=\"1.595\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.05\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/5\/52\/520\/5206560a306a2e085a437fd258eb57ce.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/5\/52\/520\/5206560a306a2e085a437fd258eb57ce.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"\\tilde V = \\begin{pmatrix}1 &amp; 0 &amp; \\dots &amp; 0 &amp; \\tilde{v}^{n+1}_1 &amp; \\dots &amp; \\tilde{v}^m_1 \\\\0 &amp; 1 &amp; \\dots &amp; 0 &amp; \\tilde{v}^{n+1}_2 &amp; \\dots &amp; \\tilde{v}^m_2 \\\\\\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\ddots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\ddots &amp; \\vdots \\\\0 &amp; 0 &amp; \\dots &amp; 1 &amp; \\tilde{v}^{n+1}_n &amp; \\dots &amp; \\tilde{v}^m_n\\end{pmatrix}\" alt=\"\\tilde V = \\begin{pmatrix}1 &amp; 0 &amp; \\dots &amp; 0 &amp; \\tilde{v}^{n+1}_1 &amp; \\dots &amp; \\tilde{v}^m_1 \\\\0 &amp; 1 &amp; \\dots &amp; 0 &amp; \\tilde{v}^{n+1}_2 &amp; \\dots &amp; \\tilde{v}^m_2 \\\\\\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\ddots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\ddots &amp; \\vdots \\\\0 &amp; 0 &amp; \\dots &amp; 1 &amp; \\tilde{v}^{n+1}_n &amp; \\dots &amp; \\tilde{v}^m_n\\end{pmatrix}\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a68\/a68ef0907e5844f85ba16e6b310ca010.svg\" width=\"304\" height=\"112\" data-width=\"38.465\" data-height=\"14.521\" data-vertical-align=\"-6.695\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a68\/a68ef0907e5844f85ba16e6b310ca010.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a6\/a68\/a68ef0907e5844f85ba16e6b310ca010.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"u_k\" alt=\"u_k\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c96\/c96b59279af8b06034c43473c16ab01d.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"2.315\" data-height=\"1.357\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.357\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c96\/c96b59279af8b06034c43473c16ab01d.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c96\/c96b59279af8b06034c43473c16ab01d.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0432 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"k\" alt=\"k\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8c\/8ce\/8ce4b16b22b58894aa86c421e8759df3.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.179\" data-height=\"1.595\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.025\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8c\/8ce\/8ce4b16b22b58894aa86c421e8759df3.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8c\/8ce\/8ce4b16b22b58894aa86c421e8759df3.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>-\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\tilde V\" alt=\"\\tilde V\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b1\/b12\/b1250ea50aeea099576fbf254a70b50c.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"1.74\" data-height=\"2.808\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.838\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b1\/b12\/b1250ea50aeea099576fbf254a70b50c.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b1\/b12\/b1250ea50aeea099576fbf254a70b50c.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"u_k(x) = (0, \\ldots, 1, \\ldots, 0, \\tilde v_k^{n+1}(x), \\ldots, \\tilde v_k^m(x)), \\quad k=1,\\ldots,n,\" alt=\"u_k(x) = (0, \\ldots, 1, \\ldots, 0, \\tilde v_k^{n+1}(x), \\ldots, \\tilde v_k^m(x)), \\quad k=1,\\ldots,n,\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f8\/f87\/f879cac80bbc5d55a8bb4357bde5e765.svg\" width=\"464\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"58.379\" data-height=\"2.732\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.8\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f8\/f87\/f879cac80bbc5d55a8bb4357bde5e765.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/f\/f8\/f87\/f879cac80bbc5d55a8bb4357bde5e765.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"k\" alt=\"k\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8c\/8ce\/8ce4b16b22b58894aa86c421e8759df3.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.179\" data-height=\"1.595\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.025\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8c\/8ce\/8ce4b16b22b58894aa86c421e8759df3.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/8\/8c\/8ce\/8ce4b16b22b58894aa86c421e8759df3.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>-\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"n\" alt=\"n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.357\" data-height=\"1.025\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.025\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"s \\le n\" alt=\"s \\le n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/68\/688\/6888a014811c22b07e84bb0a37f682ad.svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"5.436\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/68\/688\/6888a014811c22b07e84bb0a37f682ad.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/6\/68\/688\/6888a014811c22b07e84bb0a37f682ad.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u043c:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula\" source=\"[u_i,u_j]^s=b_{ij}^p(x)u^s_p=b_{ij}^p(x)\\delta^s_p=b_{ij}^s.\" alt=\"[u_i,u_j]^s=b_{ij}^p(x)u^s_p=b_{ij}^p(x)\\delta^s_p=b_{ij}^s.\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/40\/409\/4098bac2638b28e5661ad75f62d82494.svg\" width=\"272\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"34.558\" data-height=\"2.809\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.839\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/40\/409\/4098bac2638b28e5661ad75f62d82494.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/40\/409\/4098bac2638b28e5661ad75f62d82494.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u0421 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"n\" alt=\"n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"1.357\" data-height=\"1.025\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.025\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/7b\/7b8\/7b8b965ad4bca0e41ab51de7b31363a1.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"u_k\" alt=\"u_k\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c96\/c96b59279af8b06034c43473c16ab01d.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"12\" data-width=\"2.315\" data-height=\"1.357\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.357\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c96\/c96b59279af8b06034c43473c16ab01d.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/c\/c9\/c96\/c96b59279af8b06034c43473c16ab01d.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b (\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b), \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044e, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"[u_i,u_j]^s=0\" alt=\"[u_i,u_j]^s=0\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a3\/a38\/a389320049394839d928877312f88ecc.svg\" width=\"88\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"11.525\" data-height=\"2.363\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.666\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a3\/a38\/a389320049394839d928877312f88ecc.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/a\/a3\/a38\/a389320049394839d928877312f88ecc.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/> \u043f\u0440\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"s\\le n\" alt=\"s\\le n\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/41\/41e\/41eeea171e1c138a9444e4ec72d3c3da.svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"5.436\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/41\/41e\/41eeea171e1c138a9444e4ec72d3c3da.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/4\/41\/41e\/41eeea171e1c138a9444e4ec72d3c3da.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0442\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"b_{ij}^p=0\" alt=\"b_{ij}^p=0\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b2\/b28\/b28713aea4849ac932dc3c4e73f8edd3.svg\" width=\"48\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"6.518\" data-height=\"2.809\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.991\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b2\/b28\/b28713aea4849ac932dc3c4e73f8edd3.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/b\/b2\/b28\/b28713aea4849ac932dc3c4e73f8edd3.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/>, \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044b 2 (\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0445). <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"formula inline\" source=\"\\blacksquare\" alt=\"\\blacksquare\" src=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/77\/77e\/77e61462d1adabba326f954b07b72122.svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" data-width=\"1.76\" data-height=\"2.262\" data-vertical-align=\"-0.566\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/77\/77e\/77e61462d1adabba326f954b07b72122.svg 780w,&#10;       https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/getpro\/habr\/formulas\/7\/77\/77e\/77e61462d1adabba326f954b07b72122.svg 781w\" loading=\"lazy\" decode=\"async\"\/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/articles\/1047158\/\">https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/articles\/1047158\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 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https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/articles\/1047158\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-483520","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/483520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=483520"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/483520\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=483520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=483520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/savepearlharbor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=483520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}