К счастью, данные весы являются HID-устройством, подключаемом по USB.
В этом посте я опишу как работать с подобными HID устройствами в Visual Basic (да и вообще в .Net)
Поискал немного гуглом, нашел несколько интересных ссылок.
В основном, рекомендуют использовать библиотеку «Mike O’Brien’s USB HID library».
Вот статья, в которой с использованием этой библиотеки читают данные с похожих весов:
nicholas.piasecki.name/blog/2008/11/reading-a-stamps-com-usb-scale-from-c-sharp/
Что мне не понравилось — это угадывание формата данных. К тому же, поделившись ссылкой с заказчиком, получил ответ, что вся библиотека ему не нужна и вообще он бы предпочел чтобы я решил проблему самостоятельно.
Хорошо, вооружаемся MSDN а также спецификацией на весы:
«64067860 PS scales Operation and Technical Manual.pdf» — легко ищется гуглом.
Чтение данных с HID устройства, если не требуются какие-то особенные сложности (попробую позже написать про чтение ACS NFC SmartCard Reader), довольно просто:
1) нужно получить DevicePath нужного нам устройства, вот такого вида:
(\?\usb#vid_04a9&pid_1097#207946#{28d78fad-5a12-11d1-ae5b-0000f803a8c2})
2) открываем этот DevicePath с помощью самой обычной функции CreateFile с доступом GENERIC_READ
NativeMethods.CreateFile(DeviceInterfaceDetailData.DevicePath, NativeMethods.GENERIC_READ, NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_READ + NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_WRITE, security, NativeMethods.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0)
3) Читаем с помощью ReadFile
res = NativeMethods.ReadFile(ioHandle, bufPtr, 10, bytesRead, IntPtr.Zero)
Как получить DevicePath. Задача несложная. Нужно получить список всех устройств, найти весы, и считать структуру HIDD_ATTRIBUTES при помощи функции HidD_GetAttributes(hidHandle, deviceAttributes)
По шагам:
1) Получаем Guid класса устройств
NativeMethods.HidD_GetHidGuid(hidClass)
2) Создаем Enumerator для класса устройств
DeviceInfoSet = NativeMethods.SetupDiGetClassDevs(hidClass, IntPtr.Zero, 0, NativeMethods.DIGCF_PRESENT + NativeMethods.DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE)
3) Идем по списку устройств
Do While NativeMethods.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(DeviceInfoSet, deviceIndex, DeviceInfoData)
4) Вложенным циклом идем по списку интерфейсов устройства
Do While NativeMethods.SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(DeviceInfoSet, DeviceInfoData, hidClass, deviceIfaceIndex, DeviceInterfaceData)
5) Получаем DevicePath
success = NativeMethods.SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailBuffer(DeviceInfoSet, DeviceInterfaceData, IntPtr.Zero, 0, RequiredSize, IntPtr.Zero) ' Obtain buffer size success = NativeMethods.SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(DeviceInfoSet, DeviceInterfaceData, DeviceInterfaceDetailData, RequiredSize, RequiredSize, DeviceInfoData) ' Get device information using previously recieved buffer size
Здесь небольшое ухищрение с передачей null для того, чтобы получить правильный размер буфера для данных. Половина задачи сделана — у нас есть DevicePath.
6) Теперь нужно понять, то ли это устройство.
NativeMethods.CreateFile(DeviceInterfaceDetailData.DevicePath, NativeMethods.ACCESS_NONE, NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_READ + NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_WRITE, security, NativeMethods.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0)
Открываем устройство с ACCESS_NONE (нам нужно только pid&vid, для этого нет нужды открывать устройство на чтение, большинство устройств нам этого не позволят и здесь будет исключение)
7) И читаем атрибуты
Dim deviceAttributes As NativeMethods.HIDD_ATTRIBUTES deviceAttributes.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(deviceAttributes) NativeMethods.HidD_GetAttributes(hidHandle, deviceAttributes)
8) Теперь только сравним deviceAttributes.VendorID и deviceAttributes.ProductID с константами и если это то что нужно — можно выходить из циклов
Теперь собственно к весам. При чтении данных они выдают нам 6 байт, с которыми нужно разобраться.
Согласно спецификации, первый байт посылки — это report id.
Второй — статус измерения. Бывает: ошибка, стабильный вес, меньше нуля, колебания, и т.п. Полный список — в коде и в спецификации.
Третий — единицы измерения. Это понятно — милиграммы, граммы, килограммы, и т.д. Хоть тройская унция.
Три следующих байта — это собственно вес.
Первый байт веса — степень десятки, следующие два — собственно значение.
Таким образом, чтобы получить значение веса, нужно сделать нехитрую операцию:
(b[5]*256+b[4])*10^b[3]
Вот так — все довольно просто.
Исходный код:
Public Class NativeMethods Public Const DIGCF_PRESENT = &H2 Public Const DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = &H10 Public Const FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED = &H40000000 Public Const FILE_SHARE_READ = 1 Public Const FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 2 Public Const GENERIC_READ = &H80000000 Public Const GENERIC_WRITE = &H40000000 Public Const ACCESS_NONE = 0 Public Const INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1 Public Const OPEN_EXISTING = 3 <StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet:=CharSet.Auto)> _ Public Structure SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA Public cbSize As UInt32 <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst:=256)> _ Public DevicePath As String End Structure Public Structure SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA Public cbSize As Integer Public InterfaceClassGuid As System.Guid Public Flags As Integer Public Reserved As UIntPtr End Structure Public Structure SP_DEVINFO_DATA Public cbSize As Integer Public ClassGuid As System.Guid Public DevInst As Integer Public Reserved As UIntPtr End Structure Public Const HIDP_INPUT = 0 Public Const HIDP_OUTPUT = 1 Public Const HIDP_FEATURE = 2 Public Structure HIDD_ATTRIBUTES Public cbSize As Integer Public VendorID As UShort Public ProductID As UShort Public VersionNumber As Short End Structure Public Structure SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES Public nLength As Integer Public lpSecurityDescriptor As IntPtr Public bInheritHandle As Boolean End Structure Public Declare Auto Function CreateFile Lib "kernel32.dll" (lpFileName As String, dwDesiredAccess As Integer, dwShareMode As Integer, ByRef lpSecurityAttributes As SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, dwCreationDisposition As Integer, dwFlagsAndAttributes As Integer, hTemplateFile As Integer) As IntPtr Public Declare Auto Function ReadFile Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hFile As IntPtr, ByVal Buffer As IntPtr, ByVal nNumberOfBytesToRead As Integer, ByRef lpNumberOfBytesRead As Integer, ByVal Overlapped As IntPtr) As Integer Public Declare Auto Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32.dll" (hObject As IntPtr) As Boolean Public Declare Auto Function SetupDiGetClassDevs Lib "setupapi.dll" (ByRef ClassGuid As System.Guid, ByVal Enumerator As Integer, ByVal hwndParent As IntPtr, ByVal Flags As Integer) As IntPtr Public Declare Auto Function SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList Lib "setupapi.dll" (deviceInfoSet As IntPtr) As Boolean Public Declare Auto Function SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo Lib "setupapi.dll" (ByVal DeviceInfoSet As Integer, ByVal MemberIndex As Integer, ByRef DeviceInfoData As SP_DEVINFO_DATA) As Boolean Public Declare Auto Function SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces Lib "setupapi.dll" (ByVal DeviceInfoSet As IntPtr, ByRef DeviceInfoData As SP_DEVINFO_DATA, ByRef InterfaceClassGuid As System.Guid, ByVal MemberIndex As UInteger, ByRef DeviceInterfaceData As SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA) As Boolean Public Declare Auto Function SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailBuffer Lib "setupapi.dll" Alias "SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail" (ByVal DeviceInfoSet As IntPtr, ByRef DeviceInterfaceData As SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA, ByVal DeviceInterfaceDetailData As IntPtr, ByVal DeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize As Integer, ByRef RequiredSize As Integer, ByRef DeviceInfoData As IntPtr) As Boolean Public Declare Auto Function SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail Lib "setupapi.dll" (ByVal DeviceInfoSet As IntPtr, ByRef DeviceInterfaceData As SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA, ByRef DeviceInterfaceDetailData As SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA, ByVal DeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize As Integer, ByRef RequiredSize As Integer, ByRef DeviceInfoData As SP_DEVINFO_DATA) As Boolean Public Declare Auto Sub HidD_GetHidGuid Lib "hid.dll" Alias "HidD_GetHidGuid" (ByRef hidGuid As Guid) Public Declare Auto Function HidD_GetAttributes Lib "hid.dll" (hidDeviceObject As IntPtr, ByRef attributes As HIDD_ATTRIBUTES) As Boolean End Class
Public Class ScaleReader Private Const VendorId = &HEB8 ' 0EB8 = Toledo, see http://usb-ids.gowdy.us/read/UD/ Private Const ProductId = &HF000 ' F000 = PS60 ' Scale status enumeration Public Enum ScaleStatus Fault StableAtZero InMotion WeightStable UnderZero OverWeight RequiresCalibration RequiresRezeroing RequiresGEO Unknown End Enum ' Scale weighing unit Public Enum WeightUnit UnitMilligram UnitGram UnitKilogram UnitCarats UnitTaels UnitGrains UnitPennyweights UnitMetricTon UnitAvoirTon UnitTroyOunce UnitOunce UnitPound UnitUnknown End Enum ' Scale measure report Public Structure ScaleReport Public ReportId As UShort ' Scale report id Public Status As ScaleStatus ' Scale status Public Unit As WeightUnit ' Weighing unit Public Scaling As SByte ' Scaling, power of 10 Public WeightLsb As UShort ' Least-significant byte of weight value Public WeightMsb As UShort ' Most-significant byte of weight value Public ErrorCode As Integer ' Error code ' Calculates weight from LSB, MSB and scaling Public Function GetWeight() As Double GetWeight = (WeightMsb * 256 + WeightLsb) * (10 ^ Scaling) End Function End Structure Private ioHandle As IntPtr ' handle to read from device ' Opens device with desired access rights Private Function OpenDeviceIO(devicePath As String, deviceAccess As Integer) As IntPtr Dim security As NativeMethods.SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES security.lpSecurityDescriptor = IntPtr.Zero security.bInheritHandle = True security.nLength = Marshal.SizeOf(security) OpenDeviceIO = NativeMethods.CreateFile(devicePath, deviceAccess, NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_READ + NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_WRITE, security, NativeMethods.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0) End Function ' Close previously opened device Private Sub CloseDeviceIO(handle As IntPtr) NativeMethods.CloseHandle(handle) End Sub ' Disconnect from scale Public Sub Disconnect() CloseDeviceIO(ioHandle) End Sub ' Find Toledo PS60 scale and open to read weight values Public Function Connect() As Boolean Dim hidClass As Guid NativeMethods.HidD_GetHidGuid(hidClass) ' Obtain hid device class Guid to enumerate all hid devices Dim DeviceInfoSet As IntPtr Dim DeviceInfoData As NativeMethods.SP_DEVINFO_DATA Dim DeviceInterfaceData As NativeMethods.SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA Dim DeviceInterfaceDetailData As NativeMethods.SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA = Nothing Dim RequiredSize As Integer Dim success As Boolean DeviceInfoSet = NativeMethods.SetupDiGetClassDevs(hidClass, IntPtr.Zero, 0, NativeMethods.DIGCF_PRESENT + NativeMethods.DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE) ' Open hid device enumeration DeviceInterfaceData.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(DeviceInterfaceData) DeviceInterfaceDetailData.cbSize = 6 DeviceInfoData.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(DeviceInfoData) Dim deviceIndex As Integer ' Current deviec index deviceIndex = 0 Do While NativeMethods.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(DeviceInfoSet, deviceIndex, DeviceInfoData) ' Loop through all hid devices Dim deviceIfaceIndex As Integer ' Device interface index deviceIfaceIndex = 0 Do While NativeMethods.SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(DeviceInfoSet, DeviceInfoData, hidClass, deviceIfaceIndex, DeviceInterfaceData) ' Loop through all interfaces of current device success = NativeMethods.SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailBuffer(DeviceInfoSet, DeviceInterfaceData, IntPtr.Zero, 0, RequiredSize, IntPtr.Zero) ' Obtain buffer size success = NativeMethods.SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(DeviceInfoSet, DeviceInterfaceData, DeviceInterfaceDetailData, RequiredSize, RequiredSize, DeviceInfoData) ' Get device information using previously recieved buffer size Dim hidHandle As IntPtr hidHandle = OpenDeviceIO(DeviceInterfaceDetailData.DevicePath, NativeMethods.ACCESS_NONE) ' Open device with no access rights to get pid&vid If hidHandle <> NativeMethods.INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then Dim deviceAttributes As NativeMethods.HIDD_ATTRIBUTES deviceAttributes.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(deviceAttributes) success = NativeMethods.HidD_GetAttributes(hidHandle, deviceAttributes) ' Read device attributes, including PID, VID and Version If success And deviceAttributes.VendorID = VendorId And deviceAttributes.ProductID = ProductId Then ' If it matches Toledo PS60 CloseDeviceIO(hidHandle) ' Close device ioHandle = OpenDeviceIO(DeviceInterfaceDetailData.DevicePath, NativeMethods.GENERIC_READ) ' And reopen with access rights to read reports NativeMethods.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(DeviceInfoSet) ' Close enumeration Connect = True Exit Function End If CloseDeviceIO(hidHandle) End If deviceIfaceIndex = deviceIfaceIndex + 1 Loop deviceIndex = deviceIndex + 1 Loop NativeMethods.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(DeviceInfoSet) ' Close enumeration Connect = False End Function ' Reads current weight from scale Public Function ReadValue() As ScaleReport Dim bytesRead As Integer Dim buffer(10) As Byte Dim bufPtr As IntPtr bufPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(10) ' Allocate 10 bytes for report ReadValue = Nothing Dim res As Integer res = NativeMethods.ReadFile(ioHandle, bufPtr, 10, bytesRead, IntPtr.Zero) ' Read 10 bytes from scale If res > 0 Then ' 0=Failure, any positive is success Marshal.Copy(bufPtr, buffer, 0, 10) ' Copy unmamanged buffer to managed byte array If bytesRead < 6 Then ' Report must be 6 bytes or greater (for compatibility) ReadValue.Status = ScaleStatus.Fault Marshal.FreeHGlobal(bufPtr) Exit Function End If Dim rep As ScaleReport rep.ReportId = buffer(0) ' byte #0 is report id Select Case buffer(1) ' byte #1 is scale status Case &H1 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.Fault Case &H2 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.StableAtZero Case &H3 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.InMotion Case &H4 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.WeightStable Case &H5 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.UnderZero Case &H6 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.OverWeight Case &H7 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.RequiresCalibration Case &H8 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.RequiresRezeroing Case &H9 rep.Status = ScaleStatus.RequiresGEO Case Else rep.Status = ScaleStatus.Unknown End Select Select Case buffer(2) ' byte #2 is scale unit Case &H1 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitMilligram Case &H2 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitGram Case &H3 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitKilogram Case &H4 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitCarats Case &H5 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitTaels Case &H6 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitGrains Case &H7 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitPennyweights Case &H8 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitMetricTon Case &H9 rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitAvoirTon Case &HA rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitTroyOunce Case &HB rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitOunce Case &HC rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitPound Case Else rep.Unit = WeightUnit.UnitUnknown End Select rep.Scaling = IIf(buffer(3) < 128, buffer(3), buffer(3) - 256) ' byte #3 is scaling rep.WeightLsb = buffer(4) ' byte #4 is LSB rep.WeightMsb = buffer(5) ' byte #5 is MSB ReadValue = rep Else Dim err = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error ReadValue.Status = ScaleStatus.Fault ReadValue.ErrorCode = err End If Marshal.FreeHGlobal(bufPtr) End Function End Class
ссылка на оригинал статьи http://habrahabr.ru/post/205462/
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